The possession was placed under the authority of the newly federated Commonwealth of Australia in 1902 and with passage of the Papua Act of 1905, British New Guinea became the Australian Territory of Papua, with formal Australian administration beginning in 1906. The flora of New Guinea is a mixture of many tropical rainforest species with origins in Asia, such as Castanopsis acuminatissima, Lithocarpus spp., elaeocarps, and laurels, together with typically Australasian flora. Immigration to Australia have brought overseas languages such as Italian, Greek, Arabic, Filipino, Mandarin, Vietnamese and Spanish, among others. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/is-australia-a-country-or-a-continent.html [65] This was to be the location for the new colony. [126][127] Within Australian political culture, the Coalition is considered centre-right and the Labor Party is considered centre-left.[128]. The article consists of list of Countries in Australia, their Capitals, Currencies and Language. The Australian continent, being part of the Indo-Australian Plate (more specifically, the Australian Plate), is the lowest, flattest, and oldest landmass on Earth[27] and it has had a relatively stable geological history. For the region, see, Continental landmass on the Australian Plate. Carlos Pedro Vairo, TERRA AUSTRALIS Historical Charts of Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego and Antarctica. When South America eventually separated from Antarctica, the development of the cold Antarctic Circumpolar Current changed weather patterns across the world. [106] Tourism in Australia is an important component of the Australian economy. Papua New Guinea is a Commonwealth realm. The earliest known use of the name Australia in Latinwas in 1545, when the word appears in a woodcut illustration of the globe titled "Sphere of the Winds" contained in an astrological te… When sea levels were lower during the Pleistocene ice age, including the Last Glacial Maximum about 18,000 BC, they were connected by dry land. The northern parts of the country have a tropical climate. Originally, it was applied to the south polar continent, or sixth continent, now known as Antarctica. Even today, pockets of remnant vegetation remain in the cool uplands, some species not much changed from the Gondwanan forms of 60 or 90 million years ago. In the quest for Terra Australis, Spanish explorations in the 17th century, such as the expedition led by the Portuguese navigator Pedro Fernandes de Queirós, discovered the Pitcairn and Vanuatu archipelagos, and sailed the Torres Strait between Australia and New Guinea, named after navigator Luís Vaz de Torres, who was the first European to explore the Strait. Recent research points to a planned migration of hundreds of people using bamboo rafts, which eventually landed on Sahul. Australia is the smallest of the world's continents. It is estimated that more than 7000 different cultural groups exist in Papua New Guinea, and most groups have their own language. Your IP: 149.202.143.89 It has extremes of weather, a stunning variety of flora and fauna, snow-capped mountains, vast stretches of deserts, frightening marshes and fertile flatland. For many species, the primary refuge was the relatively cool and well-watered Great Dividing Range. Because of this diversity, in which they take pride, many different styles of cultural expression have emerged; each group has created its own expressive forms in art, performance art, weaponry, costumes and architecture. In: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, (2019). The geographical region that encompasses Australia, New Zealand and their immediate Pacific Ocean neighbours is known as Australasia. [129] The monarch is represented by the Governor-General of Papua New Guinea, currently Bob Dadae. The continent includes mainland Australia, Tasmania, and the island of New Guinea, which consists of Papua New Guinea and Western New Guinea (Papua and West Papua, the provinces of Indonesia). British New Guinea was annexed outright in 1888. The term Oceania, originally a "great division" of the world, was replaced by the concept of Australia as a continent in the 1950s. It is situated in the geographical region of Oceania, Australia is the smallest of the seven traditional continents. It runs through the … There were three main reasons for the enormous diversity that developed in animal, fungal and plant life. in the Geography Talk group, connecting trivia lovers together. It includes the entire Australian mainland, such big islands as New Zealand, Tasmania, New Guinea (only its eastern half), and many thousands of tiny, tropical islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia regions, scattered throughout the South Pacific. Accessed from. Papua New Guinea (along with the Solomon Islands) is unusual among Commonwealth realms in that governors-general are elected by the legislature, rather than chosen by the executive branch. For many centuries Europeans believed there must be a vast land in the southern hemisphere, variously called ‘Terra Australis Incognita’ or ‘Unknown South Land’. As such, Queen Elizabeth II is its sovereign and head of state. ", "Geographic Distribution of the Population", World Economic Outlook Database-April 2015, "Australia: World Audit Democracy Profile", "Main Features – Cultural Diversity Article", "Early human settlement of Sahul was not an accident", "The epic ocean journey that took Stone Age people to Australia", "An Aboriginal Australian Genome Reveals Separate Human Dispersals into Asia", "Sequencing Uncovers a 9,000 Mile Walkabout", "Majapahit Overseas Empire, Digital Atlas of Indonesian History", "Early humans lived in PNG highlands 50,000 years ago", "The Armchair Discovery of the Unknown Southern Continent: Gerardus Mercator, Philosophical Pretensions and a Competitive Trade", "Cook's Journal: Daily Entries, 22 April 1770", http://southseas.nla.gov.au/journals/cook/17700429.html, "Bombing of Darwin: 70 years on – ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)", "Wartime Issue 23 – New Guinea Offensive | Australian War Memorial", "Australia Burning: Fire Ecology, Policy and Management Issues", WWF: Bird wonders of New Guinea's western-most province, Christianity in its Global Context, 1970–2020 Society, Religion, and Mission, "Main Features – Cultural Diversity in Australia", "Papua New Guinea's incredible linguistic diversity", "Census 2016: Migrants make a cosmopolitan country", http://www.oecd.org/gov/regional-policy/50242959.pdf, Field listing – GDP (official exchange rate), "Statement on Monetary Policy (November 2013)", "Tourism Satellite Account 2014–15:Key Figures", "2014 Quality of Living Worldwide City Rankings – Mercer Survey", http://www.sbs.com.au/yourlanguage/italian/en/article/2016/08/30/happy-birthday-melbourne-181-and-still-kicking, The Global Financial Centres Index 14 (September 2013), 2012 Global Cities Index and Emerging Cities Outlook, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2015, "Raising the profile of PNG in Australia", Asian Development Outlook 2015: Financing Asia’s Future Growth, "Yolngu are People 2: They're not Clip Art", http://australianmuseum.net.au/A-short-history-of-the-Australian-Museum, "Where to party in Australia on New Year's Eve", "Aboriginal Heritage walk: Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park", List of countries where Arabic is an official language, Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests, Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows, Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Australia_(continent)&oldid=1023676238, Articles with dead external links from November 2010, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, While much of the rest of the world underwent significant cooling and thus loss of species diversity, Australia–New Guinea was drifting north at such a pace that the overall global cooling effect was roughly equalled by its gradual movement toward the. During this time, the continent experienced numerous changes in climate, but the overall trend was towards greater aridity. [95] Sydney is the most multicultural city in Oceania, having more than 250 different languages spoken, with about 40 percent of residents speaking a language other than English at home. The constitutional convention, which prepared the draft constitution, and Australia, the outgoing metropolitan power, had thought that Papua New Guinea would not remain a monarchy. The name is a shortened form of Terra Australis which was one of the names given to the imagined (but undiscovered) land mass that was thought to surround the south pole. Australia lies within the geographical region of Oceania, but it is not an alternative name for the continent. All the continents of the world start and end with the same alphabet if you consider North and South Americas as one continent. [72], Migration brought large numbers of southern and central Europeans to Australia for the first time. Papua New Guinea, a country within the continent, is one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse countries in the world. [9], In 1984 W. Filewood suggested the name Meganesia, meaning "great island" or "great island-group", for both the Pleistocene continent and the present-day lands,[11] and this name has been widely accepted by biologists. Australia has also hosted five editions of the Commonwealth Games (Sydney 1938, Perth 1962, Brisbane 1982, Melbourne 2006, and Gold Coast 2018). Australia in brief Destination Australia, a Nations Online country profile of the "unknown southern land." [51], Legends of Terra Australis Incognita—an "unknown land of the South"—date back to Roman times and before, and were commonplace in medieval geography, although not based on any documented knowledge of the continent. Situated in the geographical region of Oceania, Australia is the smallest continent in land area.
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